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F0 - F1 - ATP synthase - mitochondrial membrane
F1 generation - F2 - F3
F2 - MENDEL
F2 - sterility - weakness
F2 generation
Fabaceae - Vicia faba - zygomorph - flower diagram
facilitated diffusion
F-actin - fibrillar actin
F-actin - plasma strands - FM
F-actin
factor - enhancing variations - mobile genetic elements
factor - limiting - system
factors - additive - multiplicative - growth
factors - components - translation
factors - external - development - plant
factors - external - regulation - PEPC
factors - protein biosynthesis
factors - reaction limiting - ecosystem
facultative - endosymbiosis - diatoms - blue-green algae
facultative apomixis
facultative autogamy
FAD - catabolic pathways - lipids
FAD - citric acid cycle
FAD - flavin adenine dinucleotide
FAD - nitrate reduction
FAD - respiratory chain
FAD - respiratory chain
Fagaceae - ectomycorrhizas
Fagopyrum esculentum - leaf
Fagus silvatica - leaf margin - entire
Fagus silvatica - leaf shape
Fagus sylvestris - wood - SEM
failure - reproductive barriers - consequences
falsification - rustle - transmission - information
families - angiosperms - DNA-amounts
families - chromosome numbers
families - enzymes
families - polyploidy - geographical latitude
family of curves - enzyme activity - curves
FARADAY constant
far-red light - Photomorphogenese
fascicular cambium - stem - cross section - Xanthium strumarium - SEM
fascicular cambium - vascular bundles - dicotyledons
fascicular cambium - vascular bundles
fascicular cambium - vascular cambium
fast access - amino acids - vacuoles
fats - mobilization - glyoxysomes
fats - synthesis
fats
fatty acid residues - degree of organization - membranes
fatty acid synthesis - acetyl-CoA
fatty acid synthesis - compartments
fatty acid synthesis
fatty acid synthetase - model
fatty acid synthetase
fatty acids - citric acid cycle
fatty acids - double bonds - different Origins
fatty acids - glyoxysomes - oxidation
fatty acids - lipid synthesis
fatty acids - lipids - percentage of dry weight
fatty acids - unsaturated - synthesis
fatty acids
favin
FDP - fructose-1,6-diphosphate
feature - derived - Bryonia - dioecism - dioecius
feature - taxonomic - alternation of generations
feature - taxonomic - Gram’s staining - eubacteria
features - numerical registration - transmission - parental properties - MENDEL
features - transfer - heredity
feed back - end product inhibition
feed back - feedback loop
feed back - positive - activator
feed back - positive - enzyme kinetics
feed back - transcription - phytochrome
feed backs - ecosystems
feedback - hypercycle
feedback - model - cell
feedback - negative
feedback - positive - growth
feedback loop - closed
feedback loop - end product inhibition
feedback loop - system elements
feedback modolator - oligosaccharines
feeder roots - angiosperm wood
feeder roots - water uptake - nutrient uptake
feeding habits - fungi
Fe-ions - redox potential
fermentation - glycolysis
fermentation - glycolysis
fermentation - organic material - gain of energy
fermentation - step-wise - molecular break-down
fermentation of nitrogen-containing compounds - hetreotrophic bacteria
fern - vivipary
fern prothalliums - cross-fertilisation
fern tissue - colonization - Azolla - Anabaena
fern’s sporangium - opening mechanism - cohesion
ferns - heterosporic
ferns - level of complexity - group of organisms
ferns - nucleotides - number - genome size
ferns - peristome - moisture absorption movements
ferredoxin - electron-dense substances - markers - lectins
ferredoxin - NADP - reduction
ferredoxin - nitrate reduction
ferredoxin - nitrogen fixation
ferredoxin - photosynthesis - respiratory chain - homology
ferredoxin - stoichiometry - redox equivalents
ferredoxin - Z-scheme - photosystems
ferredoxin
ferredoxin-NADP-reductase
ferriion - III - heme group
ferritin - marker - electron microscopy
ferroion - II - heme group
fertile pollen - CMS varieties
fertility - group of related species
fertility - haploid chromosome numbers - group of related species - Madia
fertility - overlapping areas - dispersal - Laya
fertility - progeny - selection
fertility - reduction - polyploidy
fertility - restauration - polyploidy
fertility - species - races - degrees of ploidy - Phacelia magellanica-Complex
fertility barrier - allopolyploidy - parental species
fertilization - angiosperms - penetration - cells - tissues
fertilization - HERTWIG, O.
fertilization - meiosis
fertilization - orchids - DARWIN, C.
fertilization - plants
fertilization process - higher plants - actin
fertilizer - phosphates
ferulic acid - lignin synthesis
Festuca ovina - Plantago major - exchange of assimilates - fungus mycelium
Festuca ovina - Plantago major - metabolic exchange - fungus hyphae
Feulgen-reaction - DNA - assay
Feulgen-reaction - DNA amounts - determination
FFARADAY constant - NERNST's equation
fibers - MOHL, H. v.
fibers - sclerenchyma
fibers - thickening
FIBONACCI - series
fibres - layer - cell wall - Volvocales
fibres
fibrillar actin - F-actin
fibrillar material - pore complex
fibrils - cellulose - algae - cell wall
fibrils - mucilage - epidermal cells of the seeds - Ruellia - Acanthaceae
fibrils - phloem proteins
fibroblasts - fusion - protoplasts
FICK's diffusion law
FICK's diffusuion law - ion transport
Ficus benjamini - double epidermis - leaf cross section - FM
Ficus carica - leaf shapes - herbarium
field - electric - fusion - protoplasts
fields - two-dimensional - activity - maxima
fields
filament - anther
filament - diagram
filamental hairs - seismonasty
filamentous types - blue-green algae - Anabaena ambigua - Calothrix desertica - IFC
filaments - cell divisions
filaments - intermediate
filaments - micro
filaments - trichomes - Bakterien
filling cells - Robinia pseudacacia - wood - cross section - IFC
filter - selective - membranes
filter effect - atmosphere - clouds - vegetation - emission spectrum - sun
final state - system - thermodynamics
first colonizers - facultative autogamy
first daughter generation
first law - thermodynamics - photosynthesis
first law of thermodynamics
first scientific description - botany - history
FISHER, R. A. - selection - fitness
fissures - reaction compartments - complex organized systems
FITC - Concanavallin A - RCA - Anabaena flos-aquae - heterocysts - akinetes - FM
FITC - fluoroisothiocyanat
fitness - alleles - HARDY-WEINBERG-equilibrium
fitness - coupled - linked - genes
fitness - evolution
fitness - facultative autogamy - first colonizers
fitness - reduction - hybridization
fitness - relative success in propagation
fitness - selection - definitions - theory
fitness - selection - hypercycles
fitness - selection - population genetics
fixation - carbon dioxide
fixation - microtubules - microtubuli - glutaraldehyde
fixed carbon - gross primary production - plants
flagella - 9+2 -microtubules - microtubuli
flagella - cell-to-cell recognition - Chlamydomonas
flagella - eucaryotes
flagella - flagellates
flagellar basis - photoreceptor - Euglena gracilis
flagellar basis - structure - phylogeny - algae
flagellar movement - Chlamydomonas
flagellar movement - Monas
flagellar movement - eucaryotic cell
flagellar movement - light perception - transformation of stimulus - system elements
flagellar movement - microtubules - microtubuli
flagellar movements - fungi
flagellar movements
flagellar movements
flagellates - features
flagellates - flagellar movement
flagellates - selective advantage - evolution
flagellin
flagellum - appendage - cell
flagellum - cross section - scheme
flagellum - determination - gradient
flagellum - phototaxis
flagellum - prokaryotes
flagellum - tubuline - polymerized
flakes - phloem proteins
flame ionization detector - phytohormones
flavanone - flavonoide
flavanone
flavenin adenine mononucleotide - ethylene
flavin - phototropic bending
flavin adenine dinucleotide - FAD
flavin mononucleotide - FMN
flavin
flavinadenine dinucleotide
flavins - blue light
flavolan - phenolic compounds
flavon
flavone - flavonoide
flavone - flavonoids
flavone
flavones - biological significance
flavonoid - phenolic compounds
flavonoid crystaloids - leaf surface - SEM
flavonoide
flavonoids - biological significance
flavonoids - ecological meaning
flavonoids - phenolic compounds
flavonoids - vacuoles
flavonoids
flavonol
flavonole - flavonoide
flavonole - flavonoids
flavonone - flavanoids
flavoprotein - Rhodospirillum - photosynthesis - mitochondria - respiratory chain
flavoprotein - electron transport chain - NADP
flavoprotein - respiratory chain
flavoproteins
FLEMMING, W. - chromosomes - longitudinal division
flexibility - cell wall - extensins
flexibility - expression - genome - ploidy races
flexibility - monocotyledon wood
flexibility - tertiary structure - enzyme activity
flexible flagella
flexor reflexes - cellulose - crystalline - algae - cell walls
flora - central europe - tradition
flora - foreign species
flora - france - LAMARCK
floral history - pollen analyses
florigen
flow - information
flow diagram - column chromatography
flow of electrons - energy - photosynthesis
flow of electrons - flow of photons - photosynthesis - evolution
flow of energy - ecosystem
flow of energy - feature - ecosystem
flow of energy - model system - wood
flow of energy - systems
flow of information - genes - compartments
flow of information - growth
flow of information - system
flow of material - phosphates - sulfur
flow of material - systems
flow of photons - flow of electrons - conversion - photosynthesis
flow of photons - phototropic reaction
flow rate - regulation - inner mitochondrial membrane
flower - diagram
flower - diagram
flower - termination - switch - algorithm - development
flower - top view - diagram
flower circles - anthesis - homeotic genes - Arabidopsis
flower colour - carotinoids
flower colour - chemistry - crossings
flower colour - pollinators - Penstemon
flower colour - temperature-sensitive - Primula
flower colours - adaptation - insects - variability
flower colours - communication
flower colours - flavonoids
flower colours - heredity - MENDEL
flower colours - light
flower colours - mutants - secondary plant compounds
flower development - cold season
flower development - induction - Arabidopsis thaliana
flower development - MADS-box genes - homöotische Gene
flower development - senescence
flower diagram - general
flower diagrams - actinomorph flowers - radial symmetry
flower diagrams - incomplete flowers
flower diagrams - unisexual flowers
flower diagrams - zygomorph - monosymmetric - dorsiventral flowers
flower formation - dark period
flower formation - ethylene
flower formation - gibberellins
flower formation - interference light - short-day plant
flower formation - photoperiodism
flower formation - polyploidy
flower formation - soybean - light program
flower induction - photoperiodism
flower meristems - initiation
flower morphology - pollinators - Penstemon
flower organs - development - temporal sequence
flower pigments - flavonoids - ecological meaning
flower position - at daytime - at night
flower primordia - vegetation point - Acacia pycnantha - LM
flower scents - adaptation - insects - variability
flower shapes - adaptation - insects - variability
flower structure - Aquilegia - ethological isolation
flower structure - transfer - pollen - cross-fertilisation
flowering - prolonged - polyploidy
flowering hormone action - long-day - short-day
flowering hormone
flowering period - high mountains
flowers - at daytime - at night - Carlina acaulis
flowers - closing - opening - growth movement
flowers - genotypes - Mirabilis jalapa - MENDEL's first law - Mirabilis jalapa
flowers - hermaphroditic - cross-fertilisation
flowers - incomplete flowers - flower diagrams
flowers - leaves - high mountains
flowers - modules - ramification pattern - infloreszenzes
flowers - opening - closing
flowers - radial symmetry
flowers - unisexual - flower diagrams
flowers - wind-pollinated - uniform
flowers
fluctuation - period - year - seed germination
fluctuation - statistical - maxima of activator - pattern formation
fluctuations - drive functions - ecosystems - models
fluctuations - oscillator - measuring time
fluctuations - rate of synthesis - rate of decay - entropy
fluid mosaic model - membrane
fluid transitions - magnitude
fluorescence - AT-quinacin-complex
fluorescence - callose - anilin blue
fluorescence dye - PAS - root tip - FM
fluorescence dyes - detection - compounds - classes
fluorescence marker - indirect immunofluorescence
fluorescence markers - lectins
fluorescence microscopy
fluorescence-tagged antibodies - microtubules - spindle fibers - mitosis
fluorescence-tagged antibodies - proteins - photosynthetic membrane
fluorescence-tagged phalloidine - evidence - microfilaments
fluorescent dyes - chromatin
fluorescent marker - different membranes
fluorochromes - cytofluorometry
fluorochromes
fluoroisothiocyanat - FITC
flux - membrane
fly agaric - ectomycorrhizas
FMN - flavin mononucleotide
focal plane - lens - scheme
focal plane - lens
focussing - isoelectric - subunits - Nicotiana-species - rubisco
folding pattern - mitochondrial membranes - electron microscopy
folding pattern - thylakoid system - electron microscopy
foliose lichens
foliose lichens
follicle - fruit
food chain
food chains
food pyramid - ecosystem - flow - grassland
food pyramid
food web
food web
foolish seedling-disease - rice- Gibberelline
foot-layer - nexine
force - centrifugal force - geotropism
force - driving - phloem transport
forces - cohesion - xylem
forces - electrostatic - ionic interactions
foreign DNA - restriction enzymes
foreign genes - vector
forest types - Central Europe - stable ecosystems
forestry - 2,4,5-T
forked hairs - Malacantha alnifolia - SEM
formaldehyde - MILLER’s apparatus - simulation
formaldehyde
formation - coated vesicles
formation - new species
formation centre - starch - model
formation centre - starch
formation of gelatine - alginates - sulfonated galactanes
formic acid
formulas - projection - HAWORTH's - sugar
formyl groups - purine synthesis
forward movement - flagellum
forward stroke - flagellar movement - mechanism
forwarding - stimulus - intercellular - intracellular
fossil - pollen grains - sporopollenin
fossil fuel
fossils - circumstantial evidence - evolution
fossils - evidence - evolution - DARWIN, C.
founder populations - selective advantage - mutations
fraction-1-protein - catalase - peroxysomes
fraction-1-protein - subunits - endosymbiotic hypothesis
fractions - DNA - biological significance
fracture within the membrane - plastid membranes
Fragaria grandiflora - basic numbers - chromosomal numbers
fragile genes - jumping genes - variegation
fragments - DNA - genome - CaMV
FRANCK, A. B. - geotropism
free central placenta
free directional movements
free energy - anhydrously bond - ATP
free energy - decrease - glycolysis - respiration
free energy - hydrolysis
free energy - performance - biosynthetic processes
free energy - spontaneous reactions
free energy
free energy
free mevement - molecules - membrane
free movement
freeze - slices - indirect immunofluorescence
freeze drying
freeze etching - interphase nucleus - EM
freeze etching - membrane surfaces - macromolecular complexes
freeze etching - nomenclature - plastid membranes
freeze etching - plasma membrane - Rosetten
freeze fracture - rosettes - plasma membrane - EM
freeze-etching - method
freeze-etching - proteins - photosynthetic membrane
freeze-etching - TEM
freeze-etching - TEM
freeze-etching - thylacoid membranes - EM
freeze-fracture - TEM
frequency - codon - amino acid - protein
frequency - germ cells - HARDY-WEINBERG equilibrium
frequency - light - wave
frequency - light wave
frequency - mutations - gene location - generation
frequency distribution - chromosomes - monocots - dicots
frequency of recombination - moderately repetitive DNA
frequently compound - leaves
freshwater - total amount - water
frigate bird
Fritillaria lanceolata - chromosome bands - LM
frost resistance - CAM
frost resistance - polyploidy - decrease
FROST, F. H. - vessel elements - origin
fructification
fructose - molecular model
fructose
fructose
fructose-1,6 bisphosphate - molecular model
fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
fructose-1,6-diphosphate - CALVIN cycle
fructose-1,6-diphosphate - FDP
fructose-1,6-diphosphate - glycolysis
fructose-1,6-diphosphate - glycolysis
fructose-1,6-diphosphate - molecular model
fructose-1,6-diphosphate
fructose-1,6-phosphate - turnover
fructose-6-phosphate - CALVIN cycle
fructose-6-phosphate - glycolysis
fructose-6-phosphate - glycolysis
fructose-6-phosphate - transketolase reaction
fruit bodies - vegetative propagation
fruit colour - carotinoids
fruit pigments - flavonoids - ecological meaning
fruit ripening - ethylene
fruit scale - Citrus deliciosa - secretory cavernas - LM
fruit scale - epidermal cells - SEM
fruit shape - inheritance - Capsella - Punnett-square
fruiting bodies - basidiomycetes
fruiting bodies - development - stimulating factors
fruiting bodies - fungi - lichens
fruiting body development - dependency - host
fruiting body formation - fungi - amines
fruits - Datura - mutants - aneuploidy
fruits - abscission - ethylene
fruits - auxin - gibberellins
fruits - auxins
fruits - cytokinin production
fruits - dispersal
fruits - gibberellins
fruits - parthenocarpous - gibberellins
fruits - seeds
fruits - shedding - ABA
fruits - tissue - rupture
fruits base - Ecballium elaterium
fruits
fruticose lichens
fruticose lichens
FUCHS, L
Fuchsia - epidermal cells - elongated - epidermis - imprints - replicas - IFC
fucose - xyloglucans
fucoxanthin
fucoxanthin
fucoxanthin
fuel - fossil
FULLAM, E. F. - electron microscopy
fumarate - citric acid cycle
fumarate - citric acid cycle
fumarate - ornithine cycle
Fumariaceae - Corydalis cara - zygomorph - flower diagram
fumatric acid
Funaria hygrometrica - chloroplasts - light - high intensity - low intensity - LM
function of phagocytosis - clathrin - coated vesicles
functional areas - membrane
functional molecules - need
functional relations - system properties - system
functional units - separated in space - blue-green algae
fungal coat - ectomycorrhizas - protection
fungal coat - roots - trees
fungal hyphae - wax - Prosopsis spec - SEM
fungal hyphens - algae - association - lichens
fungal infections - defence - jasmonates - jasmonic acid
fungal infections - molecular mechanisms
fungal infections - oligosaccharines
fungal mycelium - detection - WGA - tissue - FM
fungal mycelium - free of algae - lichens
fungal mycelium
fungi - defence - oligosaccharines
fungi - eucaryotic kingdom
fungi - eucaryotic kingdom
fungi - organismal kingdom
fungi - parasitic - recognition - lectins
fungi - parasitic - symptoms
fungi - plants - interactions
fungi imperfecti
fungi
fungi
fungicide - flavonoids - ecological meaning
fungicide
fungus - penetration - plant tissue
fungus attack - Ericaceae - vegetative point - root tip
fungus infection - reaction - plant
fungus mycelium - Monotropa - host plant
fungus resistance - genetic engineering
fungus-plant interactions - genetics
fungus-plant interactions - molecular biology
fungus-specific symptoms - helminthosporosid
funoran
fur seal
furan - molecular model
furan
furanose state - digalactosyl residues - helminthosporosid
furcelleran
furfurylaminopurin-6
furfurylaminopurin-6
Fusarium moniliforme
Fusarium oxysporum - host-parasite interactions
fusicoccin - stomata mechanism
fusicoccin
fusicoccin
Fusicoccum amygdali
Fusicoccum amygdali - Welketoxin - stomata mechanism
fusiform initials
fusion - broken ends - chromatides
fusion - cells
fusion - chromosome mutations
fusion - coated vesicle - intracellular vesicles
fusion - coated vesicles - lysosomes
fusion - coated vesicles - membrane - model
fusion - diploid cells - haploid cells
fusion - egg cell nucleus - pollen nucleus
fusion - leaves
fusion - membranes - oscillation
fusion - membranes
fusion - microspheres
fusion - nuclei - doubling - genetic information
fusion - protoplasts
fusion - protoplasts
fusion - vesicle - plasma membrane
fusion - vesicles - cell plate - cell wall
fusion product - protoplasts - regeneration - plant
fusions - protoplasts - genetic engineering
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